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House
of Neophyte Rilski in Bansko (Bulgaria).
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Historians
of arrhitecture and local scholars lay emphasis on the structure of the
site, the ways patttern, the situation of the main habitations, all surrounded
with high walls pierced near the entrance doors, like those of churches,
with loopholes permitting a sustained crossed fire. According to them this
complex of habitations and ways would be arranged for the purpose of a dissimulated
collective defence. More : the large habitations, about fifteen, lin the
centre of the village, would be such designed that they would depend on
and control each other. And more : once their aassaillants would have passed
over the curtain wall, they would be exposed to fires coming from the loopholes
in the ground floor and first floor. And still more : the inner space of
these habitations would be itself organized like a small fortress skillfully
dissimulated. From the outside, its constitutive buildings seem to be made
of wood, except for the ground-floor of the house proper, where the outbuildings,
storerooms, warehouses and stables, are made of wood, cob and masonry. Access
to the first store is ensured through a wooden staircase leading to a large
gallery, the tcherdak, a real summer living-room with its own fireplace
and, in largest habitations, its kiosk, a large resting space for men. This
whole dwelling-floor is built of wood. But under these structures, floors
and walls, is dissimulated a small space built of strong masonry on two
levels that comprises two or three rooms accessible only from the first
floor through a trap generally made in the mother room and that leads to
a labyrynthine staircase protected from the inside by loopholes.
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J.C. : Les Noces
de Marko, le rite et le mythe en pays bulgare, Paris, PUF, 1998, p.79
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